29 20 1884 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Elva Orozco Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Kaulen C Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-20 Description An account of the resource Publicado por Jose Kaulen C April 18, 2007, 10:03 PM La de a continuación, es una historia emocionante, llena de sentido y digna de admiración por parte de todos nosotros. In Memoriam Liviu Librescu. Liviu Librescu, un profesor de 76 años y muy respetado ingeniero aeronáutico que enseñó en Virginia Tech por 20 años, salvó la vida de varios estudiantes bloqueando la puerta de su sala de clases antes de que fuera muerto a balazos en la masacre, de acuerdo a los e-mails enviados por los alumnos a su señora. "Mi padre bloqueó la puerta con su cuerpo y les dijo a sus alumnos que escaparan" ha dicho su hijo, Joe Librescu, en una entrevista telefónica desde su casa en las afueras de Tel Aviv. Agregó además que los "estudiantes comenzaron a abrir las ventanas y a saltar hacia afuera". En el campus, los estudiantes hablan sobre el arrojo de Librescu: "Él debiera ser reconocido como un héroe" dice el estudiante de Virginia Tech Philip Huffstetler además de sentir "que están en una gran deuda con su familia por el resto de nuestras vidas". "Él es la razón de que el estudiante (Seung-Hui) no entrara y matara a más gente; obviamente es un héroe", dice Asal Arad, otro estudiante. Librescu supo de una vida difícil desde que era niño. Cuando Rumania se unió a las fuerzas nazis en la Segunda Guerra Mundial, primero fue internado en un campo de trabajos forzados en Transnistria y luego deportado junto a su familia y miles de otros judíos al ghetto central de Focsani. De acuerdo a un informe recopilado por el gobierno de Rumania en el 2004, entre 280 y 380 mil judíos fueron asesinados por el régimen rumano-nazi durante la guerra. Como un exitoso ingeniero durante el gobierno de postguerra comunista, Librescu encontró trabajo en la agencia aeroespacial de Rumania, pero su carrera fue interrumpida en los 70&#39;s porque rechazó prestar juramento de obediencia al régimen y finalmente fue despedido cuando pidió autorización para irse a Israel. De acuerdo con su hijo, después de años de rechazo gubernamental, el primer ministro israelí, Menachem Begin, intervino personalmente para que obtuviera el permiso de emigración para toda su familia. Se mudaron a Israel en 1978. Librescu deja Israel en 1985 para irse a Virginia en un año sabático, pero terminaría quedándose. Joe Librescu estudió en Virginia Tech entre 1989 y 1994. En Rumania, la comunidad académica lamenta profundamente la muerte de Librescu. "Es una gran pérdida" dijo Ecaterina Andronescu, rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Bucarest, desde donde Librescu se graduó en 1953. "Tenemos una tremenda admiración por la forma en que reaccionó y defendió a sus alumnos con su vida", agregó. En la Universidad Politécnica, donde Librescu recibió un título honorario en el 2000, su foto ha sido puesta sobre una mesa, junto a ella una vela encendida y las personas dejan flores alrededor. "Lo recordamos como un gran especialista en temas de aeronáutica. Deja cientos de importantes documentos", dice uno de los profesores, Nicolae Serban Tomescu. Librescu hizo muchas publicaciones y recibió varios premios por sus trabajos. "Su trabajo fue en algún sentido su vida", dijo Joe Librescu. Texto traducido desde Foxnews.com -- Fuente Original -- Realidades Varias a.k.a El Blog de Jose Kaulen <a href="http://josekaulen.wordpress.com/2007/04/18/virginia-tech-el-profesor-que-se-convirtio-en-heroe/">http://josekaulen.wordpress.com/2007/04/18/virginia-tech-el-profesor-que-se-convirtio-en-heroe/</a> Derechos Reservados: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported</a>. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported Title A name given to the resource Virginia Tech: El profesor que se convirtió en héroe hroe israel librescu rumania segunda guerra mundial virginia tech Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Elva Orozco Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ignacio Duelo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-20 Description An account of the resource Creado por Ignacio Duelo 24 de Abril del 2007, 7:26 PM La reciente desgracia en el Virginia Tech, de los Estados Unidos, dejó mucho para analizar. Lo que cabe aquí, como reflexión, es el papel activo de los tres polos de la crisis -el estudiante psicópata, los estudiantes afectados y la casa de estudios- para comunicarse por sus propios medios con el público. El estudiante coreano tuvo la sangre fría, antes de proseguir su matanza y suicidarse, para hacer una filmación casera donde advertía de sus propósitos y sus motivos para llevar a cabo la matanza, y demostró un manejo espeluznante de la situación. Este video, después de que él mismo lo enviara a la NBC, fue visto en todo el mundo a través de innumerables medios, entre ellos You Tube. Por el lado de la universidad, tuvo reflejos rápidos ante la crisis. Su rector, Charles W. Steger, explicó que no habían cerrado las puertas del campus mientras la masacre tenía lugar, debido a que tienen 26.000 estudiantes y no sabían muy bien qué estaba ocurriendo, por lo cual no querían sobreactuar. Durante los acontecimientos, los estudiantes encerrados en sus habitaciones se comunicaban entre ellos a través de chats, blogs y otros recursos online. A la vez, la universidad les había enviado un e-mail a todos alertándolos de la situación. Pero lo que se destaca en la actuación del Virginia Tech es el uso de los medios comunitarios en la comunicación de crisis. Su sitio en Internet fue virtualmente reemplazado por otro con información al instante sobre las últimas novedades, que ahora ya tiene una sección "in memoriam" con los nombres de las víctimas. También se encuentra allí una serie de podcasts de las autoridades. Actualmente, la parte del sitio dedicada a este tema tiene un dominio propio. La ventaja de la Universidad de Virginia es, como hemos dicho en otra columna, su situación de víctima frente al gran villano, que resultó ser el estudiante coreano. Otros actores secundarios pueden ser afectados por este suceso impredecible: uno es el presidente George W. Bush, quien tuvo que ratificar su postura favorable a la libre tenencia de armas de fuego y debió comunicar su pesar por la masacre al mismo tiempo. Otro es Corea del Sur, país del que era oriundo el asesino. Si bien es obvio que no hay responsabilidad de esa nación (y que el maniático podría haber venido de cualquier otro lugar), de todas maneras la marca-país queda ligada a este episodio en el inconciente de muchos ¿Qué habría sucedido si este estudiante hubiera sido nacido en una nación del Islam? Además, el debate sobre las licencias para la portación de armas, que tiene a dos grandes sectores de opinión enfrentados, también se ve matizado por este suceso. No han faltado quienes culpan a los videojuegos, la música moderna y las películas violentas de instigar a los jóvenes a la violencia, y de llevar a episodios extremos como éste. Y los medios masivos, dice, son grandes responsables en este sentido. Para un observador del campo de la comunicación, el episodio constituye un caso que demuestra hasta qué punto hay crisis que son impredecibles. Si la Universidad de Virginia tenía escrito un manual de procedimientos para crisis, dudo bastante que hubiera contemplado una matanza de estudiantes a manos de un loco. En segundo lugar, este caso ratifica hasta qué punto el tiempo de resolución de una crisis se ha acotado, y cómo el control del mensaje es cada vez más difícil de mantener. Los medios comunitarios de primera y segunda generación (e-mails y celulares, blogs y grupos virtuales) se superponen con las comunicaciones institucionales de los organismos que antes monopolizaban la producción y la distribución del mensaje, y lo que es peor, compiten con ellos en credibilidad y cercanía emocional -- Fuente Original: ¿PODEMOS HABLAR? Reflexiones y aconteceres de la comunicación -Sitio en linea. <a href="http://podemoshablar.blogspot.com/2007/04/la-masacre-de-virginia-tech.html">http://podemoshablar.blogspot.com/2007/04/la-masacre-de-virginia-tech.html</a> Derechos Reservados: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/"> Creative Commons Atribución 2.5 Argentina. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Atribución 2.5 Argentina Title A name given to the resource LA MASACRE DE VIRGINIA TECH armas de fuego bush comunicacion crisis https://www.april16.vtlibraries.net/files/original/drawing_295ed221f9.jpg null Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-20 Omeka Legacy File The metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `files` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka files. This set may be deprecated in future versions. Capture Date 2007-07-20 17:16:13 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Chad Newswander Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ellana Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-20 Description An account of the resource We were supposed to do a project either showing ourselves perceptually or in response to the Virginia Tech shootings. Since I already have a self-portrait for pretty much every year of my life, I decided to do the latter. After watching the Cho footage and some other student-captured footage on YouTube, I tried to think of the different reactions people might have and sketched out a rough group of people. I ended up adding some more words later. I also added some newspaper clippings related to the shootings. The puzzle pieces represent a concept I was thinking about. Originally I had come up with "Nobody wants to have a view of the world with pieces that are missing, just like no one is satisfied with a puzzle that can&#39;t be completed" in regards to the importance of protecting endangered species, but it works here too... think about all the families and friends that lost someone close to them in the blink of an eye. Now there are empty spaces in their lives where those people should have been, but now aren&#39;t because of this... Yeah, cheesey, but I like my analogy. I threw in some silver you can&#39;t see for all the black. All the eyes are either orange or maroon (the school&#39;s colors) as well as a few of the puzzle pieces. I admit I rushed, but the teacher liked it, but then this one student who likes to give me (and only me, apparently) constructive criticism all the time said the two figures on the left were the same height and took away from the rest of the drawing, and that they should be cropped out. I&#39;ve looked at it and I -guess- I see what he means, but I like the composition like it is, honestly, and the girl about to pray (who reminds me of Kraehe from Princess Tutu) is one of my favorites), so... O_o And then everyone got into a big discussion over whether it took away from it or not and I just sat there and muttered "wow, we&#39;re arguing". Seriously... I think maybe he thinks I think too highly of my own work because the teacher praises me all the time (I really haven&#39;t liked much of the work I did in class at all, and always try to criticise myself - which doesn&#39;t work cuz Richard&#39;s always like "WTC?"). I liked Lindsay&#39;s and Scott&#39;s pieces. I really liked Lindsay&#39;s, it was way neat. Anyway, sorry for the IRL rant. Time: ...er... maybe 3.5 hours? I dunno. Not long in all honesty Materials: black and silver sharpies, markers, pencil (for sketch), newspaper clippings, charcoal, conte crayon (I actually sprayed this to seal; go me) Licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/"> Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5</a> Drawn by Ellana Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Permission: Creative Commons ryoushirogane@yahoo.com Title A name given to the resource V-Tech: Chain of Reactions art chain of reaction memorial mourning https://www.april16.vtlibraries.net/files/original/V_Tech__Chain_of_Reactions_by_ellana_bff1bf49c0.jpg null Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-05-24 Omeka Legacy File The metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `files` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka files. This set may be deprecated in future versions. Capture Date 2007-05-24 13:30:58 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Brent Jesiek Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ellana Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-05-24 Description An account of the resource <b>Artist&#39;s Comments</b> We were supposed to do a project either showing ourselves perceptually or in response to the Virginia Tech shootings. Since I already have a self-portrait for pretty much every year of my life, I decided to do the latter. After watching the Cho footage and some other student-captured footage on YouTube, I tried to think of the different reactions people might have and sketched out a rough group of people. I ended up adding some more words later. I also added some newspaper clippings related to the shootings. The puzzle pieces represent a concept I was thinking about. Originally I had come up with "Nobody wants to have a view of the world with pieces that are missing, just like no one is satisfied with a puzzle that can&#39;t be completed" in regards to the importance of protecting endangered species, but it works here too... think about all the families and friends that lost someone close to them in the blink of an eye. Now there are empty spaces in their lives where those people should have been, but now aren&#39;t because of this... Yeah, cheesey, but I like my analogy. I threw in some silver you can&#39;t see for all the black. All the eyes are either orange or maroon (the school&#39;s colors) as well as a few of the puzzle pieces. I admit I rushed, but the teacher liked it, but then this one student who likes to give me (and only me, apparently) constructive criticism all the time said the two figures on the left were the same height and took away from the rest of the drawing, and that they should be cropped out. I&#39;ve looked at it and I -guess- I see what he means, but I like the composition like it is, honestly, and the girl about to pray (who reminds me of Kraehe from Princess Tutu) is one of my favorites), so... O_o And then everyone got into a big discussion over whether it took away from it or not and I just sat there and muttered "wow, we&#39;re arguing". Seriously... I think maybe he thinks I think too highly of my own work because the teacher praises me all the time (I really haven&#39;t liked much of the work I did in class at all, and always try to criticise myself - which doesn&#39;t work cuz Richard&#39;s always like "WTC?"). I liked Lindsay&#39;s and Scott&#39;s pieces. I really liked Lindsay&#39;s, it was way neat. Anyway, sorry for the IRL rant. =P Time: ...er... maybe 3.5 hours? I dunno. Not long in all honesty Materials: black and silver sharpies, markers, pencil (for sketch), newspaper clippings, charcoal, conte crayon (I actually sprayed this to seal; go me) About license: You may use this for noncommercial uses if you want, like if you were doing a video montage tribute to Virginia Tech or something. Just please 1) credit me and 2) do not change this image. None of my work should be used for any purpose unless it is stated that you can. -- Original submitted to deviantart.com on April 30, 2007: <a href="http://www.deviantart.com/deviation/54344293/">http://www.deviantart.com/deviation/54344293/</a> Licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/"> Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 License</a>. Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 Title A name given to the resource V-Tech: Chain of Reactions art collage drawing mixed media Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Haiyan Cheng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource Hi, all: Thank you all for your concern, I&#39;m safe. Here&#39;s what was happened to me yesterday. I&#39;m so proud of all my students, please pray for our community to recover from this huge lost and sorrow! Take care all! Haiyan Cheng ******************************************************** It was April 16 2007，a cold and windy morning for Blacksburg. I have class to teach at 9:05 AM. It is "CS4414-Issues in scientific computing", a class for senior student in CS and Math students. Whenever my advisor went to conference, I would take over the lecture. I went to my office in Torgerson Hall at 8:50, checked email, left my cell phone charging, (last Friday there was the bomb threat that made us evacuated immediately, that time I remembered to take my cell phone and laptop, but forgot the charger) and left laptop in the office and went to Norris Hall to teach. One of my colleagues asked earlier where is my classroom. I told him Norris 204 or 205 (the first classroom on the left hand side at the second floor), I&#39;m not sure. So the first thing I went to the second floor, Norris hall, is to check my room number. It is indeed 205, 204 is across the hall, I took a quick look at the classroom, about 20 students were sitting there, an old professor with white hair was taking his teaching material out of his briefcase. At 9:00 am, I went into the classroom, everything was as usual, the window opened a little bit, we can feel the breeze. I started the "Numerical solution of ODE" lecture. I covered analytical solution, discussion on existence and uniqueness, there was about 15 minutes left till the end of the lecture, it was about 9:40. Several loud "Band, Bang, Bang"came from outside of the classroom. They were really loud. I was not sure where it came from, but it seemed very close to us. We all thought it was some kind of construction. Then it stopped for 5-10 sec. I was about to start another topic on stability analysis. Then the sound came again. Teresa, the female student sitting close to the door stood up and went to check. I followed her, with the lecture note still in my hand. We were standing at the door, sticking our heads out and checking what happened. The sound came from room 208, the room across the hall, to the left of our classroom. The door is closed. I gazed at that door for 2 seconds. Then the door opened, a guy walked out, I only saw him 1 sec, but the most shocking thing is that he&#39;s holding a black handgun. He wears black, his face is square (roundish). Both I and Teresa came back in immediately, the gun shot right besides our ear. My ear is hurting by the loud sound. The first thing we came back in the classroom is telling everyone down, an Indian student said, let&#39;s block the door with table, so he can&#39;t get in. 4 guys in my class moved the big table next to the podium and blocked the door. (There&#39;s no window and no lock on the door. When there&#39;s lecture going on, usually we left the classroom door wide open.) While we were doing this, the gun shot keeps firing outside of the classroom. I and another girl were behind the podium. The other 2 girls were at the back of the classroom. 4 guys are lying on the ground in front, pushing against the desk legs. After about 1 minute shooting in the hallway, the gunman approaches our classroom. He was trying to open the door, but those students push really hard, then he began to shoot the door. The bullets came through the door, woodchips and metal pieces are everywhere. One bullet even hit the podium. Two of my students at the back underneath the desk were calling 911 with their cell phones, and talking to the police, they told the police there were 11 people in classroom 205, the gunman is still outside shooting. After the gunman tried several times, he gave up and began to shot somewhere else. The gun shot keeps going, "Bang, Bang, Bang", all I can do is knee down there and pray to God "Please stop him, please stop the gun fire, please..." Then we heard the police car siren from outside. One student asked that if we should jump out of the window. It&#39;s only the second floor. But we all thought that we should stay here, until things are clear outside. The gun shot sounds further and further. But still not stop. Before we went out to check, we already heard about 20, after we came in, we heard about 30-40, or even more than that. It was terrible. We waited and waited....We heard several unclear shout from outside "show me your hand, show me your hand" etc...but we are not sure if that were police or not. Until finally there was the knock at the door. Those guys made sure they were police, and we opened the door. The police had a gun in his hand, asking us all hands up, and go to the back of the classroom. He asked if anybody got injured. We told him no, then he asked us to sit down, keep calm. Then he was about to leave. One student asked him to close the door, since we thought they might still be searching the gunman. He said we were safe, and called another police officer to come at the door, 1 minute later, the police officer told us to stand in a line and run after him, leave our personal stuff behind. I was standing close to the podium, so I quickly grabbed my key and coat, running with the police. I saw the clip on the floor right outside of our classroom. We try not to step on the blood and run quick. I didn&#39;t even look at the other classroom, but Lisa running right behind me started to cry, I turned around, held her hand, we run together out of the Norris hall and into the Randolph Hall, while still shocking, the first thing I did is borrowed a laptop from another student and sent an email to my husband and our research group, telling them I was safe. I am so proud of all my students, they did a great job. We did the right things to save our lifes. I am so sorry about those students and professors, I can&#39;t believe 1 hour ago, I saw them all sitting in the classroom. So far, my cell phone and laptop are still in my office in Torgerson hall, since the building is closed, I&#39;m almost disconnected from the outside world. All I did is using my neighbor&#39;s Internet to reply some messages that concerned about my safety. It was a terrible tragedy for Virginia Tech, for Blacksburg. Please pray for those families that lost of their loved ones. Let&#39;s all cherish every minute of our life. ******************************************************** Comments： I really admire that Haiyan is so brave and she even saved people&#39;s lives. I am pround of her and pround of being a Chinese. ******************************************************** I am a former VT student, I have read all the emails and news regarding this tragedy. I am so proud that we Chinese people have such a brave student who saved a lot of lives. May God bless all of us. ******************************************************** Hi Haiyan, Thank you so much. I am very proud of you. I sincerely admire your bravery and tact. We are all shocked by this unimaginable tragedy. Wish you all got recovered soon. ******************************************************** my dear friends blacksburg, means beautiful memory to me and my family. since yesterday, we were shocked. but piece by piece we know what happened. i&#39;m proud for all of you, been through this tragedy, we saw heroes arise, we saw people helping each other. ACSS did good job on calm down fellow members. every single one of you is a hero to me. my salute extend to all of you. my wife, my unborn child wish you all recover from this. it&#39;s a tough job to do, but we all believe in you. let&#39;s go hokies!!! zheng ******************************************************** Definitely, let&#39;s give Haiyan a big applause for what she did to save people&#39;s lives. Not everyone could keep calm and respond correctly like she did. Haiyan, you did a very excellent job! Pray for your recovering as soon as possible from the nightmare. ******************************************************** Frankly, telling truth doesn&#39;t necessarily mean defying of victims. Help identify truth is also a kind of respect, especially given so many questions not answered yet. Tell Media the truth is our responsibility and whether accepting or not is in their side. J.L ******************************************************** I guess I am one of the foreigners on the list and I want to say that I have sent Haiyan&#39;s story to several friends and family members. My mother, who lives in Gainesville, FL, said she read something like that story in her paper on Tuesday morning. My husband and I applaud the actions of Haiyan--what a brave and selfless thing to do, to be able to keep one&#39;s wit together and save others--and I think it&#39;s important that everyone&#39;s story be told when possible. As far as I can tell, the media is not ignoring stories--their goal is to gain as many viewers as possible. All students, regardless of ethnic origin or country, are part of the VT community. Thank you all for everything you bring to our country and our community. Tell your stories when you can. Everyone benefits. Cindy Bertelsen VT alumnae, HNFE ******************************************************** Dear all, First of all, Haiyan was definitely brave. She and her students (e.g.Teresa and the Indian student) had been a team acting smartly and bravely to save their lives. But more important, no matter she is a hero or not, we all love her and are so thankful that she survived this terrible event. Let&#39;s pray for the victims and their families and all the alives. Stay safe, ******************************************************** Hi, all: Again, thank you all for your concern about me. There are so many news about me right now in both US and China. I can&#39;t believe how fast the news spread these days. I got lots of emails and phone calls everyday day from all sorts of medias, (which made my cell phone airtime used up super quick, I guess most of you had the similar situation). I stayed after midnight in office to process emails. At first I returned every phone calls as soon as I got my cell phone, but some of the media started to dig my personal info, which I thought is totally unnecessary, the focus should be the tragedy. I think I&#39;m not a heroine, I wasn&#39;t one of the person who blocked the door. I&#39;m just one of the survivors, which is written in the short story and sent to you guys earlier. For most of the medias, all I told them was to use the story I wrote and the interview clip by Washington Post. That was my experience, that was what happened to me, according to my memory. Talking about the same tragedy again and again did bring my memory back to those horrible moments again and again. I wish you all can understand. All I want is to get back to normal life ASAP as you all wished. If necessary, I will talk to one of the major medias, so that there will only be one correct information source. There must be a reason that my life was spared, I wish all of us can learn something, live our life to the fullest, enjoy every moment with the loved one, think positive... Yesterday there was the disaster relief truck on campus that provided free food and drinks for all the community members. There are many counseling services on campus. Today while I stopped at the red light at the corner of college street and Main street. There was an American girl sitting on a bench, smiling and waving to the passengers and drivers passing by. There was a sign besides her reads: "Need someone to hear, I will listen. (Free hugs)...." I didn&#39;t cry when I was in danger, but at that moment I can&#39;t stop my tears running down. At this time, all we need is the healing, not only for me, but for all the Hokies and families.I was really touched by the candlelight vigil last night, at the moment when all Hokies are united, I saw hope... I&#39;m available to you guys for visit, Thanks for ACSS and everyone in the community. Let&#39;s go! Hokies! Haiyan Cheng -- Original Source:Cheng,Haiyan&#39;s narrative, and compiled by Mi,Na Language A language of the resource eng Title A name given to the resource Haiyan Cheng&#39;s experience on April 16 and people&#39;s responses first hand accounts gun shot haiyan cheng indian student randolph hall Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 萧方 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource 作者：萧方 　来源于：凤凰周刊 　发布时间：2007-6-20 22:18:06 美国非主流媒体的一篇并不确定的报道，导致了中国网络的一场狂欢和躁动，直至外交部发言人出面指责，要求道歉。这本是与中国人并不直接相关的一次美国恶性校园枪击案，但却让中国人的民族心理再次展露无遗。 　　美国弗吉尼亚理工大学4月16日发生校园枪击案，造成包括持枪歹徒在内的33人死亡。此次校园屠杀尤其血腥，堪称美国建国以来最严重的校园枪击案。虽然远在大洋彼岸，但这起枪击案在大陆却引发大规模关注，其原因是枪手为亚裔，甚至一度被误传为是中国人。 　　中国不满美媒体误报 　　从4月16日至17日上午，凶手的身份可谓是扑朔迷离。案发当天，在警方和校方尚未确认凶手是否仅为1人的情况下，美联社的一张照片被美国各大媒体频繁传用。照片上显示，警察将一名亚裔年轻男子制服在草地上。这不免让人产生猜测。 　　由于枪击案现场混乱以及凶手自杀，美国警方16日到17日夜间一直在努力确认凶手的身份。期间，美国各大媒体对凶手的身份多沿用警方在枪击案发生后很快提出的说法：凶手是一名"亚裔男子"。 　　但4月17日出版的美国《芝加哥太阳时报》，该报专栏女作家麦克尔·斯尼德的文章却将中国人推到前台。斯尼德引用她的匿名消息源说，弗吉尼亚大学枪击案凶手可能是一名24岁的中国男子，这名男子在上海获得学生签证后，于2006年8月从美国西岸旧金山入境。调查人员并不认为他与任何恐怖集团有关联，作案动机也不清楚。 　　大陆官方网媒中新网随后引用该报道称，发生在弗吉尼亚理工大学的特大枪案嫌犯身份初步认定，该男子是一名持学生签证去美国就读的中国留学生，现年24岁，警方称他并不是弗吉尼亚理工大学的学生。 　　消息一经发布，立即在中国网民中引发巨大关注。许多留学生担心美国可能会发生排华现象，美国学校有可能变得不倾向于招收中国学生，中国学生的签证也可能更难获得。一名上海外国语大学的本科生在MSN签名栏中写道："真倒霉，为什么是中国人，害得我们这些人好惨！" 　　到了4月17日上午，案情终于水落石出。美国警方证实，凶手是来自韩国的持美国绿卡的合法居民、弗吉尼亚理工大学英语系4年级学生赵承熙。而那名上海外国语大学学生的MSN签名也换成："不是中国人。谢天谢地，希望再也不要发生这种事。" 　　但显然，中国政府并没有准备给关于凶手身份的报道问题画一个句号。中国外交部发言人刘建超4月18日在记者招待会上说，美国弗吉尼亚理工大学发生的枪击惨案是一个十分严重的事件。美国个别媒体在事实未经查明之前发表不负责任的报道，违反了新闻职业道德，是十分错误的做法。中国已经要求有关方面消除其恶劣影响。 　　"美个别媒体"明显指向《芝加哥太阳时报》。目前尚不知中国方面会提出何种要求，但在4月19日，《芝加哥太阳时报》的网站已经把斯尼德的文章删除，她的有关中国留学生可能是弗吉尼亚理工大学枪击案凶手的文章，在互联网上找到的只有其他网站的转载。 　　在美留学生要求道歉 　　不仅如此，谣传凶手是中国人的《芝加哥太阳时报》连日来受到在美中国留学生和华人华侨的愤怒声讨。中国留学生论坛MITBBS上抨击《芝加哥太阳时报》的留言不计其数。 中国留学生普遍认为，斯尼德在警方和校方都表示暂不公布疑犯名单的情况下，仅根据枪手可能是亚裔人即把嫌疑焦点指向中国留学生，有违记者的职业道德，并有歧视中国人的倾向。 也有留学生指出，斯尼德对中国和中国留学生十分无知：中国留学生赴美前都要在美国使领馆留指纹，如果枪手是中国留学生，警方应该很快可以确认。 　　据悉，斯尼德的文章见报后，中国留学生曾在第一时间通过发电子邮件、打电话、留言等形式向《芝加哥太阳时报》和斯尼德抗议。耶鲁大学计算机系的博士马征说，即便在凶手被确认是韩国学生后，斯尼德在追踪报道时仍毫无理由地提及中国人。 　　网名为whatlove的中国留学生的抗议信写道："你们报社可以因为诽谤而被起诉。你们的报道诽谤了所有中国人，特别是在美国的中国人。你们刊登了斯尼德不负责任的报道，你们报纸必须向全体中国人道歉!" 　4月16日（美国时间），一名中国留学生建议联系在美中国律师团体起诉该报，得到广泛支持，两天时间跟帖近500条，许多留学生表示愿意捐款集资，还有人建议大家立即着手搜集相关报道，以便作为证据。 而被斯尼德误指的中国学生江伟恩随后也出面证明自己的清白。江伟恩在接受美国广播公司的采访时说："不错，我是亚裔，我在学校宿舍里住，我是弗吉尼亚理工大学的学生，我最近和女友分了手，我还喜欢枪械。但我不是凶手。" 　　美国广播公司此后通过不同的政府消息来源证实，江伟恩并没有被列入怀疑名单，警方也根本没有去调查他。消息得到证实后，在美中国留学生对《芝加哥太阳时报》的做法再次提出质疑。 　　不过，中国驻芝加哥总领馆及中国学生学者联谊会17日在致当地华人学生的邮件中说，虽然现已证实凶手是韩国人而非中国人，总领馆和联谊会依然提醒华人学生对自身安全要持谨慎态度。 　大陆报道中的信息缺失 　中国媒体在报道上的失误可以归咎于消息源，但大量网络媒体援引《芝加哥太阳时报》的错误报道也是不争的事实。事实上，在《芝加哥太阳时报》的报道中，并没透露明确的信息来源，仅是怀疑凶手是从上海过去的中国留学生。而其他美国主流媒体在报道时均以"亚裔"来报道，并没有涉及凶手的具体身份。 　　即便这样，国内的一些大型门户网站仍然不加分辨地引用《芝加哥太阳时报》的报道，某些网站为追求点击率、吸引公众视线，甚至以确凿的口吻告诉国人："凶手就是中国人"。也正是在这种逻辑的推动下，江伟恩才得以"浮出水面"。据说，仅4月17日上午短短几个小时，江伟恩的博客被点击了数万次。 　　事件中，国人的态度也颇令人玩味。网友"姚小远"在"天涯杂谈"的留帖中写道："我既早有预料却又特别惊讶的，是中国网民们对以讹传讹推测枪案凶手为中国人时候的反应��在最初枪手被臆断为中国人的时候，我看到太多的高亢、兴奋、歇斯底里的癫狂，当然，也有一些自省、歉意和对于丢面子的郁闷，但是更多的，是那种邪恶和邪性的狂热。我竟然看到十分有才的异想天开，认为是美国人自己做的然后嫁祸于中国人。" 　　在疑犯确认为韩国人后，有网友在其博客中写道：幸好不是国人所为，我们中国人总算可以松口气了，要是把恶习带出了国，多丢古老中华的脸面！不过，本人现在又神气了，而且高度不愤，倒要质疑美国媒体了，甚至要美国总统出来说个清楚，怎么一看到黄面孔就先怀疑是中国人，而不是日本人、韩国人呢！？ 　　网友"蛙人"发帖说：一个民族的强大, 最直接的标准之一就是看看这个民族有没有太多的自卑感��一群人在担忧害怕万一杀人犯是华人怎么办，会不会签证绿卡学习工作受歧视��至于这么在乎美国人怎么看中国人吗? 稍有主见的人都不会把一个精神变态的杀人犯罪行扣在一个民族的头上。 　　更有甚者，网络上最初有人在评价这一事件时称，这是"中国教育的失败"、"道德沦落"等等。 　　而媒体态度的转变也让人大跌眼镜。事件发生后，某著名电视台各种连线、热点甚至是直播室都搞得风风火火，但到美国警方确认枪手不是中国人而是韩国人后，该电视台只是在新闻中插播了一条新闻。有网友提出，针对这场报道闹剧，应该有媒体勇于出来承担责任，向公众说声道歉。 　　不过，在疑犯的韩国裔身份被确定后，恐慌与担忧似乎瞬间从中国人身上转移到韩国人身上。以近乎处理民族灾难的方式做出反应，使人们再次感知韩国民众对民族形象的敏感。 　　韩国驻美大使李泰植17日提议以韩国人教会为中心，轮流绝食32天，以此分担遇难家属和美国社会的悲痛。并强调："以此次事故为契机，韩人社会应该进行自我反省和忏悔，并创造重新融入美国主流社会的机会。" -- Original Source:《凤凰周刊》,中国香港 <a href="http://uhome.beaplat.com/show.php?articleid=3234">http://uhome.beaplat.com/show.php?articleid=3234<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 美国校园枪击案背后的中国民众 媒体误报 中国民众 信�缺失 凤凰周刊 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 范彦萍 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource 作者：范彦萍 新闻来源：上海青年报 更新时间：2007-4-19 11:22:46 学校举行集体悼念会 　　很快，记者从弗吉尼亚工学院的官方网站上证实了这一消息，"警方已确认周一连环枪击案的凶嫌的身份。此人是韩国人，是弗吉尼亚工学院在读的大四本科生，学的是英语。"学校方面还公告说，"本周余下的时间，所有的课将被取消，以便让学生可以默哀。学校的行政部门将从周三开始重新运作。案发地点诺里斯教学楼在余下的整个学期将不会对外开放。" 　　据介绍，当地时间昨天下午两点多，学校所在的黑堡镇上举行了一场集体悼念会，为校园枪击事件中无辜的受害者默哀。 　　"华人圈子中不可能有极端的人" 　　对于大家传得沸沸扬扬的凶手是中国留学生的消息，赵杰禄一笑了之，"我们一开始就觉得中国留学生作案的可能性极小。我们这里有一个华人圈子，平时大家都互有来往，认为我们圈子中不大可能有这样极端的人，能做出连环枪击事件的人。当天下午曝出凶手可能是亚裔年轻人的消息，由于没有官方的正式消息，一时流言四起。" 　　"不过，虽然证实下来并非中国留学生作案，但这起事件引起的影响不会因为凶手国籍的改变而消除。这件事甚至可能引起当地政策的变化，甚至美国大选的热点议题都会因此改变。"赵杰禄分析说。 　　事情发生后，官方的名单上并未公布受害人和受伤者的名单，于是在该校就读的中国留学生纷纷群发邮件，互相打电话报平安。 　　"受害者可能有我的学生" 　　赵杰禄告诉记者，事发时，现场没有中国学生目击枪击事件，因为前往该校读书的中国留学生大多是研究生，本科生极少。弗吉尼亚工学院共有2.6万多名学生，而其中读研的中国学生和学者只有区区五六百人。当时，第一起枪击事件发生在一个本科生宿舍楼，而第二次袭击则在名为诺里斯的教学楼。这两个地方当时恰好没有中国学生。 　　"由于事情发生在周一早上，我们去学校都比较晚，所以受到的影响不大。听到校园枪击事件后，我们的第一反应不是恐慌，而是悲凉。整个社区，所有的广播、电视、媒体都在铺天盖地地报道这起严重的校园枪击案，33条人命顷刻被夺走，一种悲伤感弥漫在四周。我和一些同学身为博士，平时兼带给本科生授课的任务，但一想到说不定下周一上课的时候，平时常见的几名学生可能就此看不到了......"赵杰禄说着说着，声音低沉了下去。赵杰禄说，"我们很多人当时并没有听到枪声，弗吉尼亚工学院的校园非常大，拥有100多幢楼，大楼是用大石头垒砌而成的，隔音效果不错。" 　　声音 　　中国留学生谴责校园暴力 　　事发后，曾在该校就读的中国女孩王葳蕤在自己的博客上发表了题为"血腥校园"的文章： 　　"一直觉得校园枪击是件离我遥远的事情。但是今天，32个无辜的孩子和工作人员就倒在血泊里再也无法醒来。而这件惨案就发生在我度过了两年最美好时光的母校。成为了美国历史上死亡最多的校园暴力事件。发生枪击的地方都是我曾经那么熟悉的。我无法让自己醒过来，好像走进一个时光隧道，好像一切就发生在我身边。忍不住觉得冷，忍不住哭泣。那个我记忆里如此静谧安详的校园再也回不到她最初的明亮。而这一切和那些丢失了年轻的生命，那些失去孩子的家长的悲痛相比，都那么微不足道......心情低到极点。" 　　而曾在弗吉尼亚工学院就读的孙先生在接到记者电话时也谴责了凶手的残忍，表达了深深的悲痛。"当天早晨我上课时，发觉底下的学生窃窃私语，我为此很不高兴，当回到办公室后，有同学打来电话，说出事了。我立马向身在弗吉尼亚州的朋友联系，确保他们没事。太残忍了，简直是震惊。" -- Original Source:上海青年报,中国 <a href="http://news.chinavoc.cn/Abroad/Files/200704/24686.html">http://news.chinavoc.cn/Abroad/Files/200704/24686.html<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 弗吉尼亚理工学院中国留学生访谈：谴责校园暴力 深深的悲痛 �端 谴责校园暴力 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 马晶 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年04月22日01:49 新京报 如果不及时采取措施遏制人类对网络信息化的过度依赖，如果不能平衡人类在现实世界和虚拟世界之间的关系，如果不能制止网络游戏的暴力倾向，如果不能大力度地加强人文基础教育，我们可能在推动技术进步的同时也为人类自己制造更大的危险，人类在今后将会面临更大更多的麻烦。 　　4月16日，韩国留学生赵承熙在美国弗吉尼亚理工大学制造了美国有史以来最严重的校园枪击案。现任中国信息产业部电信经济专家委员会委员、曾任美国弗吉尼亚州首席经济学家和法院指定作证专家的李极冰以信息产业专家和美国社会经验者的身份，从信息社会的人格异化及美国亚裔移民文化的角度，对此进行了剖析。 　　《新京报》：弗吉尼亚理工大学的枪击案是一种偶然事件，还是具有某种必然性？ 　　李极冰：我对美国弗吉尼亚州的情况有较深的了解，因为工作原因，我曾多次前往弗吉尼亚理工大学。 　　我认为，此次枪击案并非偶然、局部的悲剧，它的出现应该引起所有人对信息社会中的人际交往和青少年教育的反思。 　　美国此次的校园枪击案是人类历史上第一次因为个人情绪所带来的对无辜人群的大规模屠杀，它是对人类自身价值的背叛。因此，它是整个人类的悲剧，而不仅仅是美国一国或者美国某一大学的悲剧。该事件的发生并不是偶然的，而是多年来风险积累的必然事件。 　　《新京报》：为什么说具有必然性？难道是社会发展的某种必然结果吗？ 　　李极冰：从此次弗吉尼亚校园枪击案中我们可以看到，凶手赵承熙是一个性格孤僻、人格扭曲的人。这反映出，近10年来人类信息社会的迅速发展，既为人类带来了巨大的财富和机会，同时带来了在信息扭曲下人类精神的变异和灵魂的扭曲。随着网络文化和虚拟世界的不断发展，个人与周围社会的交往能力越来越弱。 　　科学实验已经证明，人的感情交际能力与其对网络的依赖度是成反比的。更重要的是，当一个人对网络文化和虚拟世界的依赖程度越来越高时，他不仅在现实世界中的感情交际能力越来越弱，而且对外界变化能够做出理性决策的能力也越来越弱。 　　《新京报》：具体到弗吉尼亚校园枪击案，你如何看待此次事件的网络社会痕迹？ 　　李极冰：此次枪击案实际上就是信息科学带来的负面作用。虚拟社会的扩张使人际交往的领域缩小，造成许多人不知如何处理社会、人际关系，从而处在情绪边缘状态，一旦爆发就会造成全社会的悲剧。 　　另一方面，网络暴力的泛滥也为之火上加油，特别是许多网络游戏，宣扬暴力、血腥，很多青少年不去学习人类的科学、文明史，吸收人类文明的精华，而是耗费大量时间沉迷于游戏之中。 　　我认为，赵承熙悲剧中所谓的"个人报复主义"也应该归入不断扩张的恐怖主义范畴，它与传统意义上基于政治理念和宗教冲突的恐怖主义不同，但比后者更加危险。 　　《新京报》：那么此次枪击案是否具有某种全球性启示呢？ 　　李极冰：事实上，此次美国校园枪击案悲剧的土壤在全球都普遍存在.全世界、包括我们中国在内都应当对这一悲剧进行反思。特别是在目前的教育体制下，我们不应当由于过度重视知识考核和技巧积累而忽视青少年的人格完善。另外，还应当采取措施，遏制青少年对网络的依赖，平衡现实社会与虚拟社会的关系。 　　需要特别强调的是，如果不及时采取措施遏制人类对网络信息化的过度依赖，如果不能平衡人类在现实世界和虚拟世界之间的关系，如果不能制止网络游戏的暴力倾向，如果不能大力度地加强人文基础教育，我们可能在推动技术进步的同时也为人类自己制造更大的危险，人类在今后将会面临更大更多的麻烦。这是赵承熙悲剧给我们的第一个启示。 　　《新京报》：此次校园枪击案除了舆论广泛关注的美国枪支文化泛滥的问题和你所谈到的网络文化问题，是否存在其他更广阔的社会背景？ 　　李极冰：是的，这次悲剧也存在着较为深刻的社会背景。赵承熙读小学时随父母移居美国，在美国长大并获永久居住权，这与不少亚裔孩子的经历非常相似。 　　亚裔家庭进入美国，在社会中普遍处于经济中下层。赵承熙家庭所生活的费尔法克斯郡(FairfaxCounty，Virginia)是全美国最富裕的郡，家庭平均收入在10万美元左右，在这样的社会背景下长大，赵承熙的心理肯定承受了巨大的张力。 　　一般来说，亚裔移民家庭进入美国社会后，普遍关注两头：一头是注重孩子的学习成绩，而忽略了对孩子全面的人文教育；另一方面是关注了家庭的经济地位，忽视了培养孩子健全的人格。赵承熙悲剧给我们的第二个启示就是，一个将生活主题定位于积累财富的家庭，不会培养出人格健全的孩子；一个将财富过于集中在少数人手中的社会，也不是一个健全和稳定的社会。 　　不少亚裔学生虽然成绩出众，但与当地文化格格不入，时常感到孤独无助。 　　赵承熙事件足以为所有在美国的亚裔家庭敲响警钟———移民美国最首要的不是学习成绩，而是融入文化。否则，赵承熙的悲剧随时有可能重演。 -- Original Source:新京报 <a href="http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-22/014912835534.shtml">http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-22/014912835534.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 李极冰：美国校园枪击案折射信息社会困境 弗�尼亚�工大学 ��冰 赵承熙 信�社会困境 人类对网络信�化的过度�赖 �入文化 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 熊培云(北京学者) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年04月21日08:01 新京报 作者：熊培云 　　过度关注一个凶手的国籍、民族、信仰等符号或范畴，而忽略凶手是一个有血有肉的人，在某种程度上更意味着"撇清"———即，借助不同的范畴来与杀人者撇清关系，以此获得内心的安宁或者道德上的优越感。 　　弗吉尼亚的枪声震惊了世界，也震惊了许多中国人。对于后者来说，这种"震惊"还有另一层含义。在枪杀案发生后没多久，便有新闻传出凶手是一位中国留学生。据称"行凶男子是一名持学生签证来美国就读的中国留学生，现年24岁"。 　　不过事件的进展很快证明上述信息不过是一种谣传。美国警方17日上午证实，弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击事件的枪手为该校一名23岁的韩裔学生。 　　假新闻是对新闻所追求价值的颠覆。寻根溯源，《芝加哥太阳时报》的一位非著名专栏作家的"可能性陈述"，在其他媒体转引时被削枝去叶，最后在以讹传讹中变成"客观真实"。真凶得到确认，"大家如释重负，虚惊一场"。 　　紧随其后，不少媒体开始了对"假新闻"的讨伐，有关"凶手是中国人"的"调查"和"出笼记"虽然为我们廓清了这则假新闻的来龙去脉。然而，因为"凶手不是中国人"而拥有"虚惊一场"、"如释重负"式的情感体验，虽然有着珍视国家名誉的纯朴，却也有着令人深思的意味。 　　虽然我们常说"一方水土养育一方人"，然而这里的"一方水土"也并非标准化生产线。无疑，这起悲剧的发生与赵承熙有着最为直接的关系。 　　但是，人不是商品，可以因为设计缺陷被召回，或者可以追究生产厂家的产品责任。一个人在异国他乡作恶时，更不代表家乡。即使凶手如此标榜，也不能说明他得到了"父老乡亲"的授权。有理由相信，过度关注一个凶手的国籍、民族、信仰等符号或范畴，而忽略凶手是一个有血有肉的人，在某种程度上更意味着 "撇清"———即，借助不同的范畴来与杀人者撇清关系，以此获得内心的安宁或者道德上的优越感。 　　人是各种文化的集合，他并不归属于某一种具体的文化，事实上任何文化或国家也不可能与其他文化或国家彻底绝缘。理解这一点是十分重要的。这意味着每个人在自我成长的过程中，都或多或少地吸纳"他者的文化"并受其影响。赵承熙在镜头前手握双枪摆酷，无疑同样得到了美国暴力文化的纵容与熏染。如迈克 ·摩尔在《科伦拜恩的保龄球》中所演绎：在枪支泛滥的美国校园里，那些学生就像保龄球一样容易一击即中！进一步说，我们身处人类社会之中，没有谁也没有哪个国家是在真空中生长。就赵承熙而言，他虽是韩国籍，但其成长却是在美国完成的。显然，其"仇富"与"报复"是各种文化合力与关系纠结的产物，不能简单归结为一个神情恍惚者在屋里"为杀人密谋"。 　　由弗吉尼亚校园枪击案所引起的有关外交猜测、国籍的争论，难免让人想起影片《通天塔》。在摩洛哥的一个沙漠里，一个牧羊人从一名日本游客那里得到一把来福枪，以保护羊群免受豺狗的袭击。 　　然而，这杆枪不幸地落到牧羊人的两个小儿手里，为了知道枪能打多远，他们向远处驶来的一辆旅行车扣动了扳机。谁知，从天而降的子弹竟然击中了车内一位美国女子。随后当地警察迅速发现了肇事父子，并将三人包围在山坡，以"反恐"的名义击毙了其中一个小孩......"美国人"、"恐怖袭击"、"反恐"，透过这些由标签或术语制造的"隔阂"，从中我们或许可以窥见有史以来人类诸种悲剧的根源。 -- Original Source:新京报,中国 <a href="http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-21/080112832010.shtml">http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-21/080112832010.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 熊培云：凶手不是中国人也不必虚惊一场 虚惊一场 国��民��信仰 �新闻 《�加哥太阳时报》 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Elva Orozco Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ricardo Valdivieso y Yolanda Puyana Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-22 Description An account of the resource Por Ricardo Valdivieso y Yolanda Puyana Viernes 11 de Mayo del 2007 Después de la tragedia ocurrida en Blacksburg el 16 de abril, Sigma Delta Pi chapter de Virginia Tech, así como el profesorado y cuerpo estudiantil de esta institución, continúa con su agenda de trabajo en la organización de la ceremonia de graduación hispana. Como en años anteriores, esta sociedad entregó la ceremonia de graduación y reconocimiento académico a 30 estudiantes hispanos de Virginia Tech. Estos graduados con grados de licenciatura, maestría y Ph.D.,fueron distinguidos con la medalla Gesta Hispana por parte de esta asociación. Este año, esta ceremonia de graduación adquiere un significado muy especial, ya que la misma se dedicó a los estudiantes Juan Ramon Ortíz Ortíz originario de Puerto Rico, candidato para la maestría de ingeniería civil, y al peruano Daniel Alejandro Pérez Cueva. Estos dos jóvenes hispanos a los que se les entregó su medalla en forma póstuma, fueron dos de las víctimas de la masacre en la que otros 30 estudiantes y profesores perdieron la vida. Los hechos trágicos del pasado mes, que han comovido no sólo a las comunidades de Blacksburg y Virginia sino al mundo entero, no deben ser un punto de referencia cuando se habla de Virginia Tech, una institución de un alto nivel académico y una de los mejores institutos politécnicos en el país. Esta universidad fué fundada en 1872 y cuenta con más de 60 programas de licenciatura y 140 maestrias y doctorados. También está considerada dentro de las 100 universidades en el país con mejores programas de investigación. Fundada en 1919, Sigma Delta Pi es una Sociedad Honoraria Hispana y miembro de Association of College Honor Societies. SDP honra a estudiantes que han completado tres años en el estudio del español a nivel universitario Antonio Fernández Vásquez, associate professor of Spanish y el director del Intensive Second Language Institute de Virginia Tech, y quien recientemente ha sido electado vice presidente regional de Sigma Delta Pi, mencionó que el capitulo de SDP de Virginia Tech se ha ganado la condecoración "Capitulo Honor y Mérito" los último tres años de entre más de 500 capítulos en la nación. La comunidad hispana del Valle de Roanoke se unió a la celebración de esta ceremonia de graduación, felicitando a los graduados hispanos, que al completar sus estudios superiores son ejemplo y modelos a seguir para muchos de nuestros niños y jóvenes. En un mundo como el de hoy, dinámico y voluble, es necesario recordar el papel de las universidades. Además de educar un rol importante de una universidad es el de establecer lazos comunicantes con la comunidad y ser un reflejo de la sociedad donde se encuentra. El pensador francés Michel Maffesoli cita en su libro Posmodernidad: "Toda Universidad debe aspirar a ser una ciudad, sólo así se podrá evitar la tajante separación entre el estudio y la vida diaria, entre el aula y la calle, entre el claustro y la urbe." Después de la tragedia, Virginia Tech continúa dinámicamente con su ritmo de vida, cumpliendo con su labor formativa y manteniendo estrechos vínculos con su comunidad. -- Fuente Original: The Roanoke Times Roanoke.com - Roanoke, VA. <a href="http://www.roanoke.com/columnists/spanish/wb/wb/xp-116444">http://www.roanoke.com/columnists/spanish/wb/wb/xp-116444</a> Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Yolanda Puyana, Columnista mcyrp@hotmail.com Autorizacion: 22 de julio del 2007 Title A name given to the resource Se entrega medalla póstuma a estudiantes delta pi estudiantes hispanos medalla gesta hispana ortiz perez roanoke Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Xiaojin Moore Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource What a relief, the killer turned out not to be a Chinese. What a relief, no members of ACSS were killed. - However, it is the same. The same horror, the same grief. The killer, a sick person went extreme to the extreme. He didn&#39;t do what he did because he was Korean. Anyone in that mental state, with easy access to weapons could have done it. The grief over the lost innocent lives is equally unbearable. I am thrilled to know that I can still see the smiles in Beibei&#39;s beautiful bright eyes because Haiyan and her students did what they did. I am relieved to know my employee will brighten up again soon since his best buddy was one of the luck two in the whole classroom. But some other children&#39;s eyes are dimmed forever. Some other friends&#39; heart will be heavy for their loss forever. In this small town, it is easy to find links to some of the victims. A colleague, a friend&#39;s friend, a child&#39;s friend&#39;s parent, a neighbor ... Dr. L, he was always so gentle, so friendly when he used to shop at Oasis with his wife and daughters. He always said humbly "Thank you so much!", emphasis on "so much". My heart ache for his tragedy. Jocelyne, the French instructor, she was like a beam of sunshine every time I saw her. I never knew who she was or what she did until tonight. Last time I saw her, she cheerfully offered to help me organize a cooking class so she can learn to cook the "wonderful" international foods. My heart ache for her tragedy. Jamie used to always stop by our side after shopping at Eats, always wearing a smile. I will always miss the meat skewers cooked by the Indonesian guy. I will always miss the dances by the Lebanese girl. Ultimately, we are all linked as human beings. Imagine the horror and pain they suffered; imagine the shock and agony that the families and friends of the victims when they receive the news of such horrid deaths of their loved ones. You will feel the pain of those other human-beings. It is a tragedy of the human race. It is time to mourn. It is time to live,not only for ourselves, but also for the not-living. Do something, as many of us in our ACSS community are doing quietly in their own personal ways. Do something that keeps the spirit up for the Hokies, for the Chinese Community in this far-from-home little town, for all the Blacksburg people. Considering the scale of the tragedy, living as survivors is hard. Give them space and peace. Help them heal. Go to vigils. Donate to Hokie Spirit Memorial Fund or similar funds. Or just be a supportive citizen of Blacksburg and VT. Everyone at VT and in Blacksburg are in this together, you be it yellow or black or white. Let&#39;s heal ourselves and help heal each other. Let&#39;s live the best we can. Sincerely, Xiaojin Language A language of the resource eng Title A name given to the resource A Letter from Moore Family acss community dr l hokie spirit memorial fund korean Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 邱江波 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年04月22日13:17 中国新闻网 中新网布莱克斯堡4月21日电 (记者 邱江波 )上周日，弗吉尼亚理工大学法语教师约瑟琳·诺瓦克在电话中和布莱克斯堡小镇绿洲超市的女主人张小瑾商量着买些什么原材料，让张小瑾给她的学生现场讲授包括中国美食在内的国际食品烹调课。 　　然而，这个温馨的计划，却被四月十六日清晨的血案无情撕碎。法语教师约瑟琳·诺瓦克和另外三十一人被韩裔学生赵承熙残忍杀害。本网记者经四处打探，终于采访到小镇中国超市女主人张小瑾。说到这几位遇难的教师和同学，声音本来很小的张小瑾，竟几度哽噎，泪水在眼中打转。 　　张小瑾的超市在这个小镇上开了七年，有一对印度教授夫妇就在她的超市来来往往了七年。七年中，教授夫妇带着他们的孩子无数次来到这个华人小超市，虽然他们并没有说很多话，但教授每次都会彬彬有礼地对张小瑾说：谢谢你啊。教授还会在说完之后再强调"非常感谢"。张小瑾说，在听到教授遇难的消息时，她的心都碎了。经记者采访和查询，此次遇难的教授中，根据张小瑾所介绍的情况，那就是一九八一年进入弗吉尼亚理工大学的环境工程教授罗格纳罕教授。 (G.V. Loganathan，Professor， Civil and Environmental Engineering，Residence in Blacksburg Joined Virginia Tech on December 16， 1981)。 　　加米常常在买好东西之后，靠在柜台旁吃点东西，这个来自印尼的小伙子，总是一脸微笑。张小瑾从死难名单中看到加米的名字时，简直不相信自己的眼睛。她无法接受，这么好的一个孩子和他的微笑，怎么会从此消失。 　　就在血案发生的前一天，张小瑾到大学校园，在学生广场活动中心还看到来自黎巴嫩的小姑娘翩翩起舞，那富有中东特有韵律感的优美舞姿，让张小瑾内心颤动，那绝对是人类最美的艺术。 　　这些遇难者中，张小瑾记得最深的名字是约瑟琳·蔻鹊·诺瓦克女士。张小瑾形容她就像一只阳光中的小蜜蜂。这位热爱品尝国际各种风味，热衷于从张小瑾那里学会亲手烹制东方食品的法语副教授，刚刚敲定邀请张小瑾下下周到她的班级给学生讲授国际 美食(主要是中餐)的烹调方法。在暴行摧毁这颗善良的心之前一天，她们还在兴高采烈地商量，买些什么原材料当着学生的面现场讲解，约瑟琳甚至为终于能够在烹调课之后尝到张小瑾亲手烹制的美味而欢呼。 　　然而，张小瑾万万没有想到，暴行在一夜之间永远夺去了她的这个机会，夺走了约瑟琳品尝他亲手烹制美味的中国食品的期待。张小瑾眼中泪光闪闪，她不敢想象，暴行发生的时候，她认识的这些美丽的生命曾经忍受怎样的痛苦，他们的家庭忍受何等的震惊和打击，因为她自己，一个来自中国的普通人，心灵都遭受到如此强烈的折磨。张小瑾说，尽管她听到警方宣布凶手不是中国人，听到没有他认识的中国 留学生和学者在这个血腥的日子遇难，心中如释重负，但她感到，那些倒在血泊中的遇难者，和中国同胞一样和睦亲善，他们的生命凋零，在她心中同样疼痛。张小瑾说，因为这是我们全人类的悲剧。 　　在发生血案之前，宁静美丽的的布莱克斯堡(华人简单地称之为"黑堡")就像是个世外桃源，在这个总共只有三万人的小镇上，除了二万五千学子和教职员工，剩下的人，几乎都与弗吉尼亚理工大学有着种种联系。这个华人超市的主要顾客，几乎也都是学校师生。 　　张小瑾发现，理工大学的师生都来自世界各地。四年前，张小瑾在丈夫的支持下将原来纯粹销售中国商品改为面对国际所有顾客的商品，她的"改革"引来了各国学子和教师。有心人张小瑾在超市入口附近张贴了一张巨大的世界地图，请前来购物的国际学子用彩色图钉钉在自己的故乡。到今天记者采访她时，在她的地图上世界各地图钉已经钉得密密麻麻。 　　今天张小瑾却怅然若失，在超市门口看着以往顾客来来往往的门口发呆。又到周末了。她说，每到周末，便是这个华人超市最繁忙的时刻，也就是再见到那些熟悉的微笑面孔的时候，辛苦了一周的弗吉尼亚理工大学教师和一些研究生，总会不约而同来买些蔬菜和食品。如果没有发生这件事情，印度教授罗格纳罕夫妇和孩子，印尼小伙加米也应该来到超市了...... 　　含着泪水的张小瑾告诉记者，在下下周那个原定的授课日子，她一定要继续约好幸存的同学，讲授美食烹制方法，尽管，约瑟琳永远也尝不到她亲手烹制的美食了。 -- Original Source:中国新闻网 <a href="http://news.sina.com.cn/w/2007-04-22/131711691407s.shtml">http://news.sina.com.cn/w/2007-04-22/131711691407s.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 血案后小镇华人悲情讲述：一堂待授的烹调课 �人 弗�尼亚�工大学 法语教师约瑟�·诺瓦克 罗格纳罕教授 黑堡 赵承熙 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 张国庆(北京学者) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年04月20日01:18 新京报 作者：张国庆 　　如果实施严格的枪支管理，守法公民的自卫能力将受到限制，而那些有意行凶的人则不受约束，因为他们总能设法弄到枪支，这样做是"防君子不防小人" 　　弗吉尼亚的校园惨案再次把美国的强制管制问题推上了风口浪尖。如人们所知，美国不仅是个军火大国，更是私人拥有枪支的"世界第一"。据美国司法部统计，美国现有近2.4亿支私人枪支，几乎人手一支。据统计，美国每年发生的枪杀事件约100多万起，每天都有近百人死于枪击事件，造成的直接经济损失在200亿美元以上。 　　宪法"第二修正案"规定所有的美国公民都有拥有武器的权利，如今成了枪支管制的最大"障碍"。从当初立法者的本意来看，是担心出现军事独裁统治或遭遇外国入侵，希望美国公民以此保护自己的生命财产安全。但开国者没有想到的是，他们所担心的独裁和外国入侵几乎没有出现过，枪支反倒成为了"杀人"的利器，其使用的非法性远远超过正义性。有学者甚至说，枪支对美国人来说，已不是双刃剑那么简单，而是成为了美国人进行自我侵略的凶器。 　　从民意上来看，大多数美国人是赞成加强枪支管理的，民意测验表明，有60%以上的美国人赞成严格管制枪支，但也有36%的人坚决反对，其中有相当一部分反对者的立足点就在宪法上。而更多的人则是出于安全的考虑。他们担心，如果实施严格的枪支管理，守法公民的自卫能力将受到限制，而那些有意行凶的人则不受约束，因为他们总能设法弄到枪支，这样做是"防君子不防小人"。 　　事实上，美国在枪支问题上已陷入了"囚徒的困境"。也就是说，大家如果都按照制宪者的本意做，都把枪支作为善意的工具，都不主动攻击对方，则没有人会有损失，反之，如果有一些人破坏了这种默契，主动使用武器攻击他人，则手中没有武器的人就会吃亏，因而在这种情况下，无论是支持还是反对持枪的人，都不会"从我做起"，扔掉武器，而各州也都在保持一种平衡和默契，不会独自在枪支问题上走得太远。 　　利益集团也是使美国深陷"囚徒困境"的重要力量。全国手枪联合会(NRA)是美国最大的枪支所有者协会，有多达300万个会员，很多都是实力惊人的枪支生产商和经销商。在2000年总统大选中，这些利益集团更是大手笔地花费近2000万美元支持小布什(支持枪支拥有)和其他支持枪支拥有权的国会议员进行竞选，以便为他们代言。不仅如此，一些军火集团也十分卖力地支持枪支和军火研发，在 伊拉克战争中扮演了强力支持者的角色。由于这些利益集团实力强劲，加之与现政府关系融洽，也使得枪支管制问题难有大的突破，这也使相当一部分选民对主张加强枪支管理的民主党总统候选人有所期待。 　　不过，即便是民主党能如愿入主白宫，要想使枪支大国走出"囚徒困境"也还是要有很长的路要走，两百年的习惯，又纠缠着太多利益，岂是说改就改的。而这也给其他国家处理相似问题提供了一个借鉴，那就是，凡事慎之在始，许多事情，放开容易，收口难。 -- Original Source:新京报 <a href="http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-20/011812820971.shtml">http://news.sina.com.cn/w/pl/2007-04-20/011812820971.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 张国庆：校园血案让枪支大国陷入囚徒困境 囚徒困境 校园血案 枪支大国 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 中国青年报 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource http://www.enorth.com.cn　 2007-04-20 08:41 4月17日，从北京时间上午9时许，一直到晚上10时左右，整整13个小时，中国许多民众都在为一条不实报道备感震惊。 　　该报道说，发生于美国东岸时间4月16日上午的弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击案是中国留学生制造的。 　　报道让许多中国民众不由得内心一阵紧缩：如此血腥的屠杀事件，竟然是中国留学生干的！整整一天，人们都在谈论：中美关系会不会因此恶化？出国签证是否会变得更困难？ 　　北京时间晚10时许，真凶确认后，大家才发现原来是虚惊一场，但也由此引发了群情激愤，究竟是谁在炮制假新闻，媒体报道怎会在这样大的事件上失真？ 　　假新闻引发群情激愤 　　"收到短信后，我心里咯噔一下，没想到竟然是中国留学生制造了这起血案。"北京的阮先生说，17日上午，他收到了在某门户网站定制的新闻短信，这条短信说特大枪击案凶嫌身份初步认定，行凶男子是一名持学生签证来美国就读的中国留学生，现年24岁。短信末尾，标明了信息来源是"中新网"。 　　"不论谁制造血腥屠杀都是不应该的，但一想到行凶者竟然是自己的同胞，心里尤其惴惴不安。"阮先生说，在整个事件中，他为行凶者所表现出来的对生命的极度漠视异常心寒，虽然一早听到消息说美国发生校园枪击案，行凶者是亚裔，但身份尚未得到确认，"当时就很担心是中国留学生干的，没想到竟然是真的。" 　　结果，他一整天碰到熟人就谈论这一事件可能造成的影响，直到晚上10时左右，他收到门户网站给他发来的另一条新闻短信，称美国警方17日上午证实，弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击事件的枪手为该校一名23岁的韩裔学生。 　　"我感到很愤怒。"阮先生说，媒体这样做极不负责。为此，他还打电话给一些门户网站表示了抗议。 　　而事实上，与阮先生一样，因为感觉被愚弄而充满愤怒的人不计其数，他们纷纷通过电话和网络表达抗议。 　　有人指出，凶手能双手开枪，熟练射击和换弹夹，从容地近距离连续枪杀数十人，怎么可能是个在大陆读了10多年书、恐怕连枪都没见过的大陆留学生干的？"别说杀人，中国送出去的留学生，许多恐怕连鸡都没杀过。" 　　也有人指责媒体："在你们追求第一手消息的同时，请不要忘了，新闻最重要的是真实！" 　　而身在美国的中国留学生们，更是准备以华人联合会等团体的名义，对这些媒体发起书面抗议。 　　惊人的巧合导致假新闻？ 　　"我们在早上9时左右收到了来自竞争对手的短信，说制造枪击事件的凶手是中国留学生，新闻来源是中新网，我们也就很快把这条新闻做上了。"某门户网站的一名编辑说，之后，其他很多新闻网站也纷纷做了这条新闻。 　　虽然这条新闻现在已被各大新闻网站删除，但记者仍找到了这条新闻的原稿： 　　中新网纽约4月16日电(邓悦刘小青)今天发生在弗吉尼亚理工大学的特大枪案凶嫌身份初步认定：该行凶男子是一名持学生签证来美国就读的中国留学生，现年24岁。但警方称他不是弗吉尼亚理工大学的学生。 　　消息源《芝加哥太阳报》透露，他于去年8月7日乘坐美国联合航空公司的航班飞机从上海出发，在加州旧金山登陆美国，持学生签证入境。 　　目前，调查人员并不认为他与任何恐怖主义集团有关联，但其作案动机还不清楚。 　　中新网此后的一篇报道则没有那么肯定，但仍然说："据消息人士称，当局正在调查凶手是不是一名去年用学生签证入境的中国男子。这名24岁的中国男子去年8月7日乘坐美国航空公司的客机抵达旧金山，他的签证是在上海签发的。" 　　19日下午，记者通过电话向中新社核实，相关人士表示："我们确实弄错了，但很快就更正了，那条消息也很快被删掉了。" 　　一个门户网站的编辑则证实，事件发生当天，中新网确实跟进很快，一晚上就更新了多条新闻，自己网站的很多消息都来源于中新网。这位编辑认为，之所以会出现传播假新闻现象，主要是源于"惊人的巧合"，让人以为得到了非常确定的佐证。 　　记者了解到，他所说的巧合是因为枪击案发生后，有人找到了一个英文名为"WayneChiang"的亚裔学生的许多信息，该学生的博客显示，他是一位枪支爱好者，上面有很多他持枪的照片。同时，他和传闻中的凶手遭遇了同样的问题：感情受挫，刚和女朋友分手等。于是，WayneChiang就成了人们关注的焦点，短短几小时内，他的博客点击率接近4万。 　　这位编辑认为，从"亚裔"、"枪支爱好者"、"感情受挫"等关键词来看，所有主要特点似乎都是契合枪手特征的，恰好这时候美国有媒体发出专栏作家的报道，并且被美国福克斯新闻网等媒体转载，所以国内的媒体也因此信以为真了。"最主要的原因是，这么大一个事件，谁也不敢漏掉，所以都在抢，没想到最后竟弄巧成拙，犯了大错。" 　　确实，"枪手是中国留学生"的消息传出后，许多人都把WayneChiang当成了真凶，他的持枪组照也迅速传播开来。 　　但在美国东岸时间16日晚10时29分(北京时间17日上午10时29分)，WayneChiang在自己博客上贴出了声明，说自己不是枪手，却在整个事件过程中，收到了无数个死亡威胁和诽谤指控，手机也因为接电话太多而没了钱。 　　此后，他在接受美国广播公司采访时表示："不错，我是亚裔，我在学校宿舍里住，我是VT(弗吉尼亚理工学院)的学生，我最近和女友分了手，我还喜欢枪械，但我不是凶手。" 　　美国广播公司也通过不同的政府消息来源证实，WayneChiang并没有被列入怀疑名单，警方也根本没有去调查他。 始作俑者是一名美国专栏女作家 　　记者注意到，在中新网的报道中，提及了《芝加哥太阳报》(C hicago Sun -tim es，应译为《芝加哥太阳时报》——记者注)这份在中国并无多大知名度的美国地方报纸。而事实证明，"枪手是中国留学生"报道的始作俑者，正是该报的专栏女作家Michael Sneed。这篇报道是这名专栏女作家在美国东岸时间16日晚在《芝加哥太阳时报》的网站上发表的。尽管随后该网站就删除了这篇报道，但记者还是辗转得到了原文，比较准确的译文是： 　　官方正在调查这个枪手是不是去年持学生签证来到美国的一名中国男子，枪手在弗吉尼亚理工大学校园内射杀了32人，制造了美国历史上最大的枪击案。消息人士称，这个24岁的男子在去年8月7日坐美国联合航空公司的飞机来到旧金山。消息人士表示，调查发现他与恐怖组织没有联系。 　　但是，美国WBBM转载时就走样了：24岁变成了25岁，标题变成"Sneed声称：枪手是持学生签证的中国男子"。导语中写道：《芝加哥太阳时报》专栏作家Sneed报道说，那个持枪男子是一个25岁的中国人，去年持学生签证来到美国。 　　海内外一些华文网站的相关消息，几乎都是根据这两篇文章翻译的，因此同一消息源的报道竟出现了明显的差异：一是有的报道说官方正在调查这个枪手是不是去年持学生签证来到美国的一名中国男子，就是说只是可能，还没确认；而有的报道则说已被确认。二是年龄的差异，一说24岁，一说25岁。 　　由于众多网站的传播，这些信息立刻在海内外华人社会产生了极大影响，以至很多人都信以为真。 　　"很遗憾，已证实凶手是中国人。"北京时间4月17日下午4时31分，一位在美国的中国访问学者给本报记者发来短信。他是在多维新闻网看到"校园枪击33人死亡凶嫌疑来自上海"这一消息的，该报道也是援引《芝加哥太阳时报》的报道，称"凶嫌是来自中国的24岁男子"。 　　当天下午，不仅网络媒体卷入其中，而且一些平面媒体也传播了假消息。台湾《联合晚报》4月17日头版便以"中国凶手自尽"为标题进行了报道。 　　"在网站我们要通宵值夜班，基本上没有其他消息来源，来自国外的消息都靠翻译外电。"那位门户网站的编辑表示，因为网站的新闻都是要有来源的，有时候他们甚至主动打电话给通讯社，告诉他们新闻线索，让他们先发稿，然后再从网站引用。"有时候我们还把稿子编译出来交由他们首发。" 　　该编辑表示，更重要的是，美国福克斯新闻网等媒体也进行了转载，各种信息汇集后得出的结论，似乎可以确定无疑是中国留学生干的，"看来越是这个时候越要慎重"。 　　资深人士认为该专栏作家缺乏报道经验 　　Michael Sneed的报道激起了强烈反响，留美中国学生以及美国媒体纷纷谴责《芝加哥太阳时报》的不实报道，华人社会要求报社对抹黑报道进行道歉。 　　据新民网报道，弗吉尼亚理工大学中国留学生会干事何晓明(音)表示，弗吉尼亚理工大学中国留学生将发邮件给《芝加哥太阳时报》，抗议不实报道给整个美国的华人社区形象带来了"极其恶劣"的影响。 　　而《大西洋月刊》的网站则刊载了驻上海的专栏作家JamesFallows的报道，该报道以"一个美国女人吓坏中国"为题，批评了M ichael Sneed的不实报道。他在文中写道，仅仅一个美国记者的不实报道，通过福克斯新闻网及其他的一些更小的新闻机构发布，就在中国引起了轩然大波，令人震惊的是，没有任何消息来源可以证实她的报道。 　　他认为，中国媒体确信这是真的，是因为他们在想，一个美国记者怎么敢独自迅速地向公众发出可能引起国际纠纷的报道？ 　　James Fallows表示，Michael Sneed的报道中每一个有关中国留学生是枪手的细节都是错误的，而且在新闻操作的基本程序上也错误百出。他说他很遗憾地看到Sneed并没有因此而道歉，"如果她再敢发言的话，一定会引来骂声一片。" 　　James Fallows随后在接受本报记者的电子邮件采访时表示，他以前并不认识Michael Sneed，事实上，Sneed是一家不知名的美国国内报纸的专栏作家，很少写国内和国际报道，相反，她主要写芝加哥当地的一些拉拉杂杂的琐事，这也许正是她犯错的原因，因为她对国际报道没有任何经验，她不懂得没有任何证据就说枪手来自中国所引发的后果，"没有任何借口，我只能说她太没脑筋了。" 　　James Fallows表示，他不认为Sneed是有意针对中国，"我不相信她对中国人民、中国留学生有敌意，但她的报道确实没脑筋并且错误百出"。他表示，美国的一些大媒体比如CNN就比较尊重事实，从事发当天到新闻发布会之前，一直坚持"亚裔"的说法。 -- Original Source:中国青年报 <a href="http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2007/04/20/001624720.shtml">http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2007/04/20/001624720.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 美枪击案：假新闻“凶手是中国人”出笼记 �实报� 屠�事件 �新闻 《�加哥太阳报》 愤怒 美国专�女作家 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Elva Orozco Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource null Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource Creado por Por Jose Luis Lopez Publicado: Jueves 19 Abril 2007, 23:03 La noticia ya es conocida. Más de 30 personas, incluyendo el supuesto agresor, murieron el lunes en un tiroteo en un campus universitario de los Estados Unidos. Y el triste suceso acaecido en la Universidad Tecnológica de Virginia (Virginia Tech), ya está siendo explotado por inescrupulosos delincuentes informáticos, algo que ya no debería asombrarnos, aunque nunca dejaremos de aborrecer. A las pocas horas de la tragedia, ya se divulgaba por Internet algún mensaje refiriéndose a un supuesto video inédito del cruento tiroteo. Un ejemplo concreto, un spam en portugués, muestra un enlace a un falso video, que al descargarse, instala en nuestro PC un troyano de la familia de los "Banload", el que a su vez descarga una variante de Win32/Spy.Banker, malware que roba información del usuario relacionada con sus cuentas bancarias. La página HTML que muestra el enlace, contiene el siguiente texto: Aguarde... O video está sendo carregado... Para visualizar o video, aguarde carregar e clique &#39;PLAY&#39; ou &#39;EXECUTAR&#39;. Seu computador pode exibir Avisos de Segurança! El script de dicha página, es detectado como HTML/TrojanDownloader.Agent.NAB, y el archivo que es descargado de allí, como Win32/TrojanDownloader.Banload.ZK. Pero esto solo debe tomarse como un simple ejemplo. Lo importante aquí, es no bajar la guardia, y siempre estar atentos a la aparición de casos similares, seguramente con alguna otra clase de malware, que, a no dudarlo, llegarán en las próximas horas o días a nuestras casillas y programas de mensajería. Además de esto, reportes del ISC (Internet Storm Center), advierten sobre la proliferación de registros de dominios relacionados con la Universidad de Virginia (al final, en "Más información", damos los enlaces a las listas de algunos de ellos). Seguramente muchas de esas páginas, serán utilizadas de buena fe, por personas que pretenden ayudar a los familiares y amigos de las víctimas. Pero desgraciadamente, la historia reciente no nos permite dudar ni por un instante, que una gran parte de esos sitios serán utilizados por autores de phishing para obtener ganancias económicas con el dolor de las víctimas. Casos concretos ya se han dado, cuando otras tragedias como el huracán Katrina en 2005 o el tsunami de 2004, hicieron proliferar muchos sitios falsos que supuestamente recibían donaciones para las damnificados de Nueva Orleáns o de Asia respectivamente. Por más bienintencionadas que parezcan algunas solicitudes de donativos, debemos evitar hacer clic sobre los enlaces enviados, y mucho menos dar información personal. Y aunque seguramente nos duela admitirlo, el morbo por visualizar supuestas imágenes inéditas de algún momento crucial del tiroteo, puede convertirse en nuestro principal enemigo. Reconocerlo, puede ser en algunos casos, lo único que nos impida infectarnos, o que impida que nuestra identidad sea robada por delincuentes que no solo lucrarán con la desgracia de otras personas, sino también con nuestro propio dinero. -- Fuente Original: Adslzone.net <a href="http://www.adslzone.net/posts87688-0.html&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=&sid=cdba74e6e6c27db32030c52f6c61a5ca">http://www.adslzone.net/posts87688-0.html&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=&sid=cdba74e6e6c27db32030c52f6c61a5ca</a> Derechos Reservados: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/"> Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Title A name given to the resource [NOT]Tragedia de Virginia Tech usada por troyanos y phishers delincuentes informaticos isc robo Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Judy Polumbaum Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-24 Description An account of the resource By Judy Polumbaum Updated: 2007-04-19 07:10 Details of the shootings on the Virginia Tech campus on Monday have unfolded to confirm that the gunman was a US resident originally from South Korea. He is Cho Seung-hui, who killed 32 people and then himself in the worst campus carnage in US history. Cho, a senior English major at the university who had come to the US at the age of 8, went about his murders methodically. Doors of one building where he opened fire on classes had been chained from the inside. Two hours earlier, a young woman and a resident hall assistant had been shot at a dormitory, a presumably related incident that police at first interpreted as a domestic dispute. Their assumption led to the calamitous delay in alerting the campus and community to the threat. The Virginia shooting inevitably brings back memories of a gunman&#39;s rampage one drizzly November afternoon more than 15 years ago on the campus of the University of Iowa, where I teach. The killer at Iowa was Lu Gang, a Chinese doctoral student in physics and astronomy. On November 1, 1991, just up the hill from my office, Lu shot to death one fellow Chinese, three professors and an administrator, and critically wounded an undergraduate student, leaving her a paraplegic, before killing himself. Undoubtedly, as more becomes known about the Virginia Tech shooter and his circumstances, people will reflect on what produced the sort of nihilistic rage that could lead someone to commit mass murder. Such rumination, among both Americans and Chinese, ensued after the Lu Gang shootings. Most of us on the Iowa campus, and US observers generally, viewed Lu Gang&#39;s crimes primarily as the actions of a deranged individual. In China, by contrast, people sought broader social explanations. A prolonged discussion carried out in the pages of the Beijing Youth News raised a variety of notions, including that Lu Gang&#39;s generation lacked good values due to defective early schooling during the "cultural revolution". A minority of readers suggested that the unfair pressure and discrimination that Chinese students suffered abroad was the root cause. Such analyses were contradicted, of course, by the story of the young Chinese colleague among Lu&#39;s victims. Shan Linhua, brilliant, outgoing, well liked, the son of poor peasants from Zhejiang Province, had flourished at Iowa, winning a prestigious dissertation award and a research job on campus after his graduation. Among the factors once again under discussion in the wake of the Virginia tragedy are an American "culture of violence" celebrated in mass media, a prevalence of "narcissism" among young people who lash back when they feel slighted, and shortcomings in provision of psychological counseling for troubled students. Ultimately, however, what enabled both campus killers to cut down other human beings was the easy accessibility of guns in the United States. After the Iowa shootings, Lu Gang was found to have purchased guns and practiced his markmanship at a local shooting range. Similarly, Cho Seung-hui wrought bloody mayhem with two guns and ample ammunition in hand. Reports say that five weeks earlier, wielding merely a credit card, he had paid $500 for a gun. Weapons fanciers among US bloggers and commentators are raising a hue and cry against using the Virginia episode as another argument for gun control. The zealots claim the mantle of the US Constitution, specifically, the Second Amendment. They selectively stress the phrase "the right of the people to keep and bear arms" while conveniently ignoring the larger context, which is to support society&#39;s ability to maintain a "well-regulated militia" for its security. Nothing could be less secure than a nation awash in guns. We speak of "random" violence in connection with these campus shootings, but such incidents are not random. They&#39;re a logical result of the doctrine that gun ownership is an unassailable personal right, along with the blithe attitude that trade in guns is simply another unexceptional form of commerce. Even in US states with stricter regulation, any lunatic who wants to buy a gun can find a way. The fact that both Iowa and Virginia shooters were of Asian heritage is mere coincidence. Their shared instruments of choice are not. Judy Polumbaum is professor of journalism at The University of Iowa -- Original Source:ChinaDaily <a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2007-04/19/content_853892.htm">http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2007-04/19/content_853892.htm<a/> Language A language of the resource eng Title A name given to the resource One more rampage, same weapon of choice gun control psychological counseling rampage troubled students weapon of choice Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Elva Orozco Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Peruanista Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-25 Description An account of the resource Por Peruanista April 18, 2007 Esta tarde estuve leyendo la historia de Daniel Pérez Cueva, publicada en un diario local. Sentado en el tren de regreso a casa, no pude evitar conmoverme hasta casi llorar. La historia de este compatriota me resulta muy cercana, la historia de su familia, me es conocida por que es la historia de tantos inmigrantes, de mis amigos, mis alumnos, mis vecinos, es mi historia. Y me apena mucho. Una tragedia ha sepultado el esfuerzo de Daniel y de sus padres. Lo siento tanto por ellos. Ser inmigrante en EEUU no es fácil, como algunos podrían creen en Perú. La vida aquí no es un exilio dorado, pues aunque los estándares de calidad de vida son mejores, pero aquí todo cuesta obtener y cada día puede ser una lucha constante para muchos. La historia de Daniel y sus padres, es la historia de tantos peruanos en este país y en el mundo, tratando de encontrar un mejor futuro, que nuestra patria no nos pudo ofrecer lamentablemente. Y esto no es una queja inoportuna, sinó la realidad, aunque de lamentos no se puede vivir. Puedo ver a doña Betty Cuevas tratando de matricular a su hijo en la escuela secundaria, recién llegado de Perú. Tratando de conseguir los certificados de estudios de Lima, traduciéndolos, y vacunando a Daniel para que sea aceptado. Puedo ver a doña Betty trabajando en varios empleos, un full-time y un part-time como hacen tantos inmigrantes, para conseguir el dinero para la educación de sus hijos. Estoy seguro que los familiares en Lima celebraban cada éxito de Daniel, cada carta, llamada, cada noticia, habría sido motivos de orgullo para su padre, aún en la distancia. El sueño de Daniel se apaga, pero el fuego de su ejemplo sigue vivo en la memoria de su familia y amistades. Entre los peruanos inmigrantes, hay un sentimiento de pesar pero también de solidaridad. No solamente los Cueva-Pérez perdieron a un joven talentoso, sino también nuestra comunidad, nuestro primer país. Es tiempo para otros peruanos de continuar el sueño de alcanzar una mejor educación, que Daniel había comenzado. DANIEL THE PERUVIAN STUDENT Today I was reading the story about Daniel Pérez Cueva, published by a local newspaper. Riding the train back home, I couldn&#39;t avoid getting emotional, almost about to cry. The story of my compatriot seemed very close, his family&#39;s story sounds well known because it&#39;s the story of so many immigrants, of my friends, my students, my neighbors, it&#39;s my story. And I am very sad. A tragedy has buried the effort of Daniel and his parents. I am so sorry for them. Being an immigrant in the US is not that easy, as many in Peru might think. Life here is not like a golden exile, because even though life standards are better, but here every thing takes effort to obtain and every day can be a constant struggle for many. The story of Daniel and his parents, is the story of so many Peruvians in this country and the rest of the world, trying to find a brighter future, which sadly we couldn&#39;t find in our country. And this isn&#39;t an impertinent complain, but is reality, though we can&#39;t live out of complaints. I can see doña BettyCuevas trying to enroll his son in high school, right after his arrival from Peru. I can see her trying to get his school transcripts from Lima, translating them, getting Daniel vaccinated so he can be accepted. I can see doña Betty working in several jobs, a full-time and a part-time as many immigrants do so, in order to get the money for her children&#39;s education. I am sure that his relatives in Lima were celebrating each of Daniel&#39;s achievements, every letter and phone call, every news, they had to be a reason for his father to be proud, even if he was far away. Daniel&#39;s dream is extinguished, but the fire of his example is alive in his family and friend&#39;s memory. Among Peruvian immigrants, there is a sorrow feeling but also a solidarity response. The death of a talented young man is not only a lost for the Cueva-Pérez family, but also of our community, and our first country. It&#39;s time for other Peruvians to continue the effort of getting a better education, which Daniel had started. -- Fuente Original: Peruanista <a href="http://peruanista.blogspot.com/2007_04_01_archive.html">http://peruanista.blogspot.com/2007_04_01_archive.html</a> Derechos Reservados: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"> Cretive Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0. Title A name given to the resource DANIEL EL ESTUDIANTE PERUANO / DANIEL THE PERUVIAN STUDENT perez peruanos Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Raymond Zhou Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-25 Description An account of the resource By Raymond Zhou Updated: 2007-04-19 07:10 The shooting rampage at Virginia Tech on Monday shocked the world. My thoughts and prayers are with the families and the community that suffered this senseless tragedy. Anyone with even a modicum of human compassion would feel the same. It is only natural for people to be curious about the identity of the gunman. However, in the quest for truth, there is a disturbing sign of linking an individual act with something larger. As long as the killer did not represent any group or harbor any political motive - as seems to be the case - any suggestion about his ethnicity will only add insult to injury and death. The rumor that he was Chinese before police positively identified him is indicative of a troubling trend, both in the US and in China, that one person, good or bad, somehow personifies a whole community, even a whole nation. Some US media commentators&#39; implications based on his ethnicity were not only unprofessional but insidious. If he were Chinese, did that mean Chinese people are intrinsically hostile to the US? Or that an average Chinese would act that way? In a strange way, this reaction is reciprocated here in China. When news came that the killer was not Chinese, people heaved a collective sigh of relief. If you analyze the underlying logic, it means that his being Chinese would have incriminated all of us. Now that he was not, a few would say: "We Chinese would never do a crazy thing like that." The truth is, a lone killer with no agenda could be of any ethnicity. We have our share of these loners, including Lu Gang, who gunned down several of his schoolmates and teachers on a US campus, and Ma Jiajue, who hacked several of his classmates with a machete. Any society, no matter how well-balanced and harmonious, cannot be totally devoid of these people. They can never represent the society that they live in or that brought them up. Equating them with the society at large is to impugn innocent people who happen to share the killers&#39; traits such as ethnicity or profession. It is guilt by association association of the most untenable kind. I can understand why some would resort to such simplistic reasoning. The tragedy is so enormous that it is sometimes hard to reckon with the cause without further embellishing it. How can one crazy person mow down so many others, people he probably didn&#39;t even know? While there is no way we can totally rid the world of such elements, there are, I believe, ways to minimize their damage. One is psychological aid, especially for those who, shut in a cocoon of their own, have difficulty communicating with others and have no outlet for releasing negative energy. In the US, postmen are said to be more vulnerable than other professions. In China, college students should receive more counseling. Sometimes, it is up to peers to reach out to those who do not seek help. Then, there is the easy availability of guns in America. While I fully respect US citizens&#39; constitutional right to own guns, we must recognize that, in cases like the Virginia Tech incident, the use of guns was a crucial factor. If the killer did not have guns, he would probably have killed only a few people and could have more easily been constrained by others. It is not an exaggeration that it became the deadliest killing spree on an American campus mostly because he had two handguns, legally purchased. We will never live in a world where everyone is happy and treats others with respect. That&#39;s a utopian ideal. But we can at least limit gun access so that one person won&#39;t be able to inflict destruction on a massive scale. -- Original Source:China Daily <a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2007-04/19/content_853882.htm">http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2007-04/19/content_853882.htm<a/> Language A language of the resource eng Title A name given to the resource A nation can&#39;t be tarred by one killer legally purchased media commentators shooting rampage the easy availability of guns in america Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Guo Qiang Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-25 Description An account of the resource By Guo Qiang (chinadaily.com.cn) Updated: 2007-04-18 15:27 The world was shaken by the news that a 23-year-old South Korean killed 32 students at Virginia Tech in the deadliest shooting rampage in U.S. history. The bloody massacre began at about 7:15 a.m. when two people were killed in a dormitory. Two hours later, the gunman reloaded his handgun, shooting another 30 dead. American President George W. Bush said his nation is "shocked" and "saddened" and his administration "would do everything possible to assist with the investigation". The shootings sent the whole nation into a panic, despite many reported incidents of shooting sprees on campuses in a country where owning guns is considered a right. There was no confirmed motive for the shootings. People around the world should observe silence for the 32 innocent victims of the gunman who was purported to vent his pent-up anger because he suspected his girlfriend had a date with a student at the same school. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao expressed China&#39;s condemnation of the killings and sent condolences to the victims&#39; families. And what did gunman Cho Seung-Hui achieve in the end? Spurned love is not entitled to end 32 lives unexpectedly from the earth although romantic poets say &#39;Life is dear, love is dearer&#39;. Now it&#39;s time to focus on U.S. gun regulation. Cho is a South Korean immigrant who had lived in the U.S. since 1992 and had a green card, which makes it legal for him to obtain guns at a gun shop. Reports said Cho paid US$571 for his weapons and a box of ammunition. Gun control should be on the agenda of the Bush administration. According to reports, America is one of the most heavily armed societies in the developed world, with 40% of households owning guns. U.S. homicide rates are two to 10 times higher than in other developed countries. It was during the American War of Independence in the late 1700s that guns and firearms were necessities for the American people to fight for their independence against Britain. The Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states: "A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed", enabling its citizens to legitimately own firearms. As a legal permanent US resident, Cho had the same rights as any other American citizen to buy guns. Currently, the Democrats support gun control while the Republicans do not. The differing attitudes make it difficult to come to a consensus on gun control. This issue will be a hot topic in next year&#39;s presidential elections. Chinese online commentators quickly weighed in on the issue, with many blaming the school for lax safety regulations. Students also complained the school did not react quickly enough to the deadly situation, saying they only received an e-mail from the university that urged them to be cautious about a shooting. However, Virginia Tech President Charles Steger defended the college&#39;s response by saying, "We had no reason to suspect any other incident was going to occur." In covering this horrific tragedy, it is necessary to question the media ethics of some news websites. Without confirmation from outside sources, some influential websites, like Sina.com.cn posted a story translated from the Chicago Sun-Times, saying the murderer was likely to be a Chinese immigrant from Shanghai. Chinese media should confirm the facts before releasing stories, which is a basic standard for media outlets. Some websites are so concerned by the number of page hits that they forget their credibility is at stake. Meanwhile, local media outlets should bear the responsiblity for hurting a guy who was wrongly accused as a suspect. Wayne Chiang, 23, an Asian-American student at Virginia Tech University has become the subject of fevered speculation on the internet after the killings. "I am not the shooter. Through this experience, I have received numerous death threats, slanderous accusations, and my phone is out of charge from the barrage of calls. Local police have been notified of the situation," Wayne wrote in his blog http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/the-internet-thinks-its-me/2007/04/17/1176696821109.html?s_cid=rss_age . "It was five for five. I was Asian, I lived in (the dorm), I go to V Tech, I recently broke up with my girlfriend and I collect guns." Let us get back to the point. It is a tragic story of 32 innocent lives killed by a young man. Just hold up candles for their souls. -- Original Source:China Daily <a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/18/content_853638.htm">http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2007-04/18/content_853638.htm<a/> Language A language of the resource eng Title A name given to the resource Gun Control Back on the Agenda gun control gun regulation shooting Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Na Mi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 赵强 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-07-25 Description An account of the resource http://www.enorth.com.cn　 2007-05-16 15:17 美国弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击案令世界震惊。震惊过后，媒体的报道和评论又铺天盖地而来。有学者做过不完全的统计，1979年至2004年底全世界发生的57起校园凶杀案中，竟然有90%发生在美国校园里，校园暴力犯罪成为美国社会的痼疾顽症。在反思美国校园血案原因的嘈杂声音中，有一种观点一直不被重视，那就是：媒体的炒作是接二连三的美国校园血案背后的隐形推手。 　　如影随形的媒体 连篇累牍的暴力 　　现代社会，各类媒体与人们的生活形成越来越密切的联系，对人们的政治信仰、价值观念、行为方式等产生着越来越大的影响。美国是传媒大国，媒体对美国人来说更是如影随形、意义非常。有专家学者曾经调查统计，美国人每天平均花21%的时间在工作上，31%的时间睡觉，48%的时间干其他事。而在其他事中， 77%的时间，即平均每天有8小时52分钟是花在传媒上。具体而言，看电视4小时9分钟，听广播(包括驾车时听)3小时，听音乐36分钟，看报28分钟，看书16分钟，看杂志14分钟，看录像7分钟，看电影2分钟。也就是说，美国人每天有1/3以上的时间是在和各类媒体打交道。 　　媒体与人们的生活如此息息相关，人们从媒体那里又看到了什么呢？一位旅美华人学者这样描述：打开美国电视，翻开美国报纸，头版头条不是哪里发生了暴乱，就是哪里出现了冲突；不是哪个人被抢，就是哪个人被杀；不是哪个妇女被强奸，就是哪个小孩遭虐待。调查表明，电视新闻中的头条新闻一半以上与暴力有关，这些新闻包括凶杀、绑架、强暴、暗杀、家庭暴力、警察暴力、种族暴力，等等。 　　据美国《国际先驱论坛报》报道，一个美国青少年18岁之前在各种传媒上能看到4万起谋杀案和20万起其他暴力行为。美国人对电视情有独钟，自电视机问世以来，美国人的成长就始终由电视相伴。今日的美国儿童，长到15岁时将看过1.8万个小时的电视。相比之下，上学的时间也只有1.1万个小时。美国全国反电视暴力联盟曾对美国电视节目中的暴力内容做过调查，结果显示：美国全国无线、有线电视节目中，有37%含有暴力；家庭影院有线台的节目中， 86%含有暴力；美国电视网台的节目中有85%含有暴力。媒体的暴力内容，直接助长了美国社会的暴力文化。 　　媒体爆炒血案 血案不断上演 　　美国发生的每一起校园枪击案，媒体都做了潮水般铺天盖地的报道，对凶手更要翻箱倒柜、掘地三尺地炒个底朝天，凶手可谓"一枪成名"、家喻户晓。在不断上演的新的校园血案中，总会有过去血案的影子。在1998年4月美国宾夕法尼亚的校园枪击案中，14岁的凶手安德鲁·维斯特曾告诉他的朋友，他要向 3月份阿肯色州校园枪击案中的米歇尔·约翰逊和安德鲁·戈登学习。这次的弗吉尼亚理工大学校园血案中，凶手赵承熙在邮寄给美国全国广播公司的材料中提到的 "像埃里克和迪伦这样的烈士"，指的就是4年前在科罗拉多州利特尔顿的哥伦拜恩中学枪杀了12名学生和1名教师的凶手埃里克·哈里斯和迪伦·克莱博尔德。 　　自上世纪50年代电视机进入美国寻常百姓家庭以来，至少有1000多个研究项目专门对媒体暴力内容与观众暴力行为之间的关系进行了研究。绝大多数的研究者认为，观众的暴力行为与媒体暴力内容有一定的关系，这种关系在青少年中表现得尤为突出，而且这种影响是潜移默化的。华盛顿大学的一些学者曾对美国、加拿大和南非这三个国家在电视机普及前后的凶杀率进行了比较。研究发现，加拿大与美国的凶杀率在电视机进入家庭后的第一个20年里，比以前增加了一倍；而电视机进入南非家庭后的第一个10年内，南非的凶杀率增加了56%。 　　美国心理学学会根据大量研究得出结论，经常观看媒体暴力内容会使青少年对暴力习以为常，以至于麻木不仁，缺乏对暴力受害者最起码的同情心。美国广播公司曾对100名青少年罪犯进行研究，其中22名说他们是模仿电视上的犯罪方法的。华盛顿大学一位教授的研究发现，因暴力犯罪而进监狱的男性囚犯中，有1/4到1/3的人承认他们在犯罪时曾模仿影视片中描写的暴力犯罪手段及技巧。显然，一些媒体对暴力行为不加掩饰的展示，不仅可能诱发青少年的暴力冲动，还为他们提供了学习暴力的教材，从而可能使他们依样画葫芦，复制某种犯罪行为。弗吉尼亚理工大学校园血案的凶手赵承熙在作案间隙寄出的一张照片显示，他极有可能从影片《老男孩》中获得了暴力"灵感"。该片讲述的是不明缘由被监禁了15年的主人公出狱以后的复仇故事，电影中有主人公用锤子杀死12人的场面，而照片中赵承熙挥舞钉锤的姿势与其十分相似。 　　美国青少年从孩提时代就对暴力现象司空见惯。枪林弹雨、血肉横飞的暴力镜头，使一些青少年从小崇尚暴力，相信枪能"解决"一切问题。在一些宣扬暴力的影视片中，那些所谓伸张正义的杀手，不但不受任何法律制裁，反而被当作英雄加以颂扬。由于青少年不成熟的心理特点，很容易不顾后果地简单模仿。一个孩子曾在网络上写道："我这么说可能有些疯狂，但是我确实崇拜那些校园杀手，他们干的一切太令人兴奋了，简直无与伦比！"就在弗吉尼亚理工大学枪击案刚刚过去两天的4月18日，一个名叫杰弗里·托马斯·卡尼的男子，威胁要发动比这起血案规模更大的袭击，要使弗州校园枪击案"相形见绌"。 　　然而，美国媒体似乎并不会就此收手。尽管有许多人反对，但美国全国广播公司还是在4月18日夜间新闻中播放了他们收到的赵承熙寄来的录像片断和举着枪的照片。受害者亲属苏海勒·萨马哈说，这些录像除了让他感到愤怒之外，什么意义都没有。一名学生记者在博客中写着："可怕，卑鄙，可耻，为什么主流媒体要渲染这些？"曾在联邦调查局分析罪犯心理的克林特·范赞特认为媒体不该播出录像，"那就是他(指赵承熙)想要的，他想从坟墓中伸出手抓住我们的喉咙，迫使我们再听他最后一次。"还有人一针见血地指出，凶手赵承熙的计划，就是要通过媒体实现他"荣耀"的终极目标；而美国媒体几乎是遵循赵承熙的计划，成就了他的"荣耀"。 　　血案的警示 媒体的责任 　　西方媒体历来信奉"坏事情才是好新闻"的新闻价值标准。二战以后，媒体的社会责任理论逐渐取代自由主义报刊理论，在西方国家流行起来。社会责任论强调新闻媒体在享有自由权利的时候，应该履行对社会和公众的义务与责任，对公众负责，对社会负责。媒体暴力内容泛滥显然与此相悖。 　　有人会说，媒体的暴力内容不过是对社会上发生的暴力事件的真实报道，媒体的责任就是要满足公众的知情权。据美国司法部2006年9月10日公布的报告，2005年美国暴力犯罪案件总量为520万起，这似乎为暴力新闻充斥媒体提供了依据。但是，为什么不反问一句：严重的暴力犯罪浪潮与媒体的疯狂炒作难道没有关系吗？这难道不是一种恶性互动吗？ 　　其实，美国媒体炒作校园血案、无视渲染暴力的消极社会后果，根本原因只有一个，那就是商业利润的驱动。西方媒体绝大多数为私人所有、企业性质，所有者把媒体当作商业来经营，赚钱是第一位的任务。当社会责任与经济利益发生冲突时，逐利的本性决定其必然会将商业利润放在首位，而将社会责任弃之一旁。在那里，发行量、收视率是硬道理，市场"卖点"压倒一切，为了迎合市场，该报的可以不报，不该报的可以爆炒，"读者需要"、"观众喜欢"成了媒体炒作有害信息的最正当的理由。正是由于经济利益的驱使，媒体把关注的焦点投向了各种血案和暴力新闻。在媒体获得更大发行量、更高收视率、更多广告进账的同时，其诱发出的累累恶果却要由社会来咀嚼、吞咽。 　　我们不知道美国的校园血案何时才能终止，我们有理由担心，媒体展示的赵承熙双手持枪、连续击发、熟练地换弹夹的形象正在给别的感到生活不如意的青少年心里投下浓重的阴影，抑或是激起暗暗的冲动。在媒体的社会影响越来越大的时代，媒体担负的社会责任也应该更大、更神圣。媒体有义务有责任为社会注入更多崇高、善良、美好、和谐的元素，而不是相反——这才是读者、观众和社会最真诚、最强烈的呼唤！(文/赵强) -- Original Source:《求是》 <a href="http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2007/05/16/001663550.shtml">http://news.enorth.com.cn/system/2007/05/16/001663550.shtml<a/> Language A language of the resource zh-Hans Title A name given to the resource 评：美国校园血案背后的媒体责任 媒体的炒作 媒体责任 校园暴力犯罪 消�社会�果 美国校园血案